Mwisi yisi itagaragara yo gukuramo peteroli na gaze, metero ibihumbi munsi yubuso, sisitemu ya Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) niyo shingiro ryibanze ryo guterura neza amazi. Umugozi kabuhariwe uhuza ubuso bugenzura no kumanura pompe yamashanyarazi - theESP Submersible Pump Power Cable- ni ingenzi "umurongo w'ubuzima" na "umuyoboro w'ingufu" wa sisitemu yose. Imikorere yayo no kwiringirwa bigira ingaruka nziza kumusaruro, ibiciro byakazi, numutekano. Iyi ngingo iracengera mubisabwa tekiniki, amahame yibanze yo gushushanya, ibipimo byo guhitamo, hamwe nuburyo bwo kubungabunga iki kintu cyingenzi.
I. Umusaraba: Ibikorwa bikabije byo hasi
Umugozi wa ESP ugomba gukora igihe kirekire - manda mubihe bibi:
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru & Umuvuduko: Ubushyuhe bwo gukora bukunze kugera kuri dogere 90 kugeza kuri dogere 150 cyangwa hejuru yayo, munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi wa hydrostatike na fluid.
Kwangirika kwimiti: Guhora uhura namazi akomeye arimo H2S, CO2, metani, amazi yo gukora (umunyu mwinshi ushobora kuba mwinshi), hamwe nubuvuzi butandukanye.
Imyitozo ya Mechanical: Ihangane impagarara, guhonyora, no kunama mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho / kugarura, wongeyeho guhangayika bikabije mugihe umanitse muri annulus ntoya hagati yikibaho nigituba.
Umuyagankuba: Ugomba kugumana ubudahangarwa burenze munsi ya voltage nyinshi (kugeza kuri kV nyinshi) hamwe numuyoboro ukomeye, urwanya corona no gusohora igice.
Imbogamizi z'umwanya: Ugomba koherezwa mu buryo bwizewe mu mwanya uhoraho wa buri mwaka hagati ya tubing na case.
II. Anatomy yo kwizerwa: Kurinda urwego, Igishushanyo mbonera
Umugozi wamashanyarazi wujuje ibyangombwa ni ubuhanga bwubuhanga:
1. Umuyobora: Hejuru - isuku yometseho insinga z'umuringa zitanga imbaraga nke kandi zikagenda neza. Ubwubatsi bukomeye cyangwa bwubatswe bukoreshwa bushingiye kuri - gutwara ibikenewe; ingano igenwa nimbaraga za moteri na voltage.
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3. Ibyingenzi byibanze: Inzitizi yibanze. Ibikoresho bisanzwe:
Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPR / EPDM): Ikigereranyo cyo hejuru - igipimo cy'ubushyuhe (ubusanzwe dogere 125 cyangwa irenga), kurwanya ikirere / ozone, kurwanya imiti, imiterere y'amashanyarazi, no guhinduka. Guhitamo kwiganje.
Polypropilene (PP): Igiciro - ikora neza hamwe n’imiti irwanya imiti, ariko ihinduka ryoroheje ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru (urugero, dogere 90 cyangwa amanota 104).
Urupapuro rwibanze + Urupapuro rwinjijwe: Gakondo yo hejuru - uburyo bwo kwizerwa, byiza cyane kumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe no kurwanya H2S, ariko biremereye, bihenze, kandi ntibisanzwe ubu.
4. Ingabo yo gukingira: Ikindi gice - cyayobora, nacyo kiringaniza umurima no kurinda insulation.
5. Intwaro z'ibyuma: Kurinda ubukanishi bukomeye.
Galvanised Steel Flat Armours (Strip / Wire): Itanga imishwarara irwanya imbaraga za wellbore.
Round Steel Wire Armours: Itanga imbaraga zingirakamaro zingirakamaro kugirango zunganire uburemere bwumugozi no gutwara imizigo. Inyubako zirimo ibirwanisho bifatanye cyangwa icyuma cyoroshye cyiziritse.
6. Ikoti: Umurongo wambere wo kwirinda kwirinda kwinjiza amazi, gutera imiti, no gukuramo. Ikozwe mu mavuta - irwanya, ubushyuhe - ubushyuhe, H2S - ibikoresho birwanya nka polypropilene cyangwa nylon yahinduwe. Ibara - code (akenshi umutuku, umuhondo, icyatsi) byerekana icyiciro gikurikirana.
III. Guhitamo Imperator: Guhuza Cable Kuburyo bwiza
Guhitamo neza nibyingenzi kugirango bigerweho neza:
1. Igipimo cya voltage & Ingano yubunini: Igomba guhuza byimazeyo pompe ya moteri ya moteri nibisabwa ingufu. Kubara ampacity, gushira mubikorwa ubushyuhe.
2. Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe: ** Igomba kurenza ubushyuhe ntarengwa buteganijwe bwo hasi (harimo n'ubushyuhe bwa moteri), hamwe numutekano muke. Ibipimo rusange: impamyabumenyi 90, impamyabumenyi 104, impamyabumenyi 121, impamyabumenyi 138, impamyabumenyi 150, 177, na hejuru.
3. Guhuza imiti: ** Hitamo insulasiyo nibikoresho bya jacket birwanya amazi meza (kwibanda kwa H2S, umuvuduko wa CO2 igice, ubwoko bwamazi, imiti). Ibisobanuro byihariye birakenewe kuri H2S yo hejuru.
4. Imbaraga zumukanishi Ibisabwa: Hitamo ubwoko bwintwaro (insinga izengurutse, insinga iringaniye, umurongo) hamwe na gipima ukurikije ubujyakuzimu, gutandukana, hamwe n'imizigo iteganijwe. Iriba ryimbitse, ryatandukanijwe, cyangwa rirerire - iriba risaba ibirwanisho bikomeye -.
5. Imbogamizi zumwanya: Emeza umugozi OD uhujwe na tubing / case buri mwaka byemewe kugirango byoherezwe neza.
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IV. Kwinjiza & Kubungabunga: Aho Ibisobanuro bisobanura Intsinzi
Ndetse umugozi mwiza urashobora kunanirwa kubera imikorere mibi:
Kwinjiza neza:
Koresha insinga zabugenewe hamwe na sisitemu yo kuyobora; gumana radiyo ntarengwa.
Umugozi wiziritse neza kuri tubing (ukoresheje abashinzwe umutekano wabigenewe), urebe neza impagarara zukuri kugirango wirinde gukuramo cyangwa guhangayika cyane.
Witondere cyane mugihe unyuze mubice byiza kugirango wirinde guhonyora.
Menya neza kashe yo kurangiza neza kugirango wirinde kwinjiza.
Ikizamini gikomeye: Gutegekwa mbere - kwishyiriraho no kohereza - kwipimisha: Kwirinda Insulation (Megger) na DC High Potential (HiPot) kugirango bigenzure ubunyangamugayo.
Gukomeza Gukurikirana: Gukurikirana icyiciro kiringaniye hamwe no kurwanya insulasiyo (niba bishoboka) mugihe gikora; anomalies irashobora kwerekana ibibazo bya kabili hakiri kare.
Kwitonda witonze mugihe gikurura: Kugarura pompe ni byinshi - ibyago; kora neza kugirango wirinde gukubita, kugoreka, cyangwa kunyerera.
Ububiko bukwiye: Bika insinga zisanzwe zometse kuri reel ahantu hakonje, humye, harinzwe nizuba, kwangirika kwimashini, hamwe nimiti.
V. Uburyo busanzwe bwo Kunanirwa & Gukumira
Gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo kunanirwa bufasha gukumira intego:
Kunanirwa kwikingira: Bikunze kugaragara. Biterwa no kwangirika kwa mashini (gusiba, kumenagura mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho), gusaza k'ubushyuhe, kwangirika kw'amashanyarazi (igitero cya H2S, gutera amazi), cyangwa gusohora igice. Kugabanya: Gushiraho gukomeye, hitamo ibikoresho birwanya, kugenzura ubuziranenge, kwipimisha bisanzwe.
Kuruhuka kw'abayobora: Biterwa no kurenga - impagarara, umunaniro, ruswa, cyangwa inenge yo gukora. Kugabanya: Intwaro zihagije, gufata neza, irinde kurenza urugero.
Kumena ikoti: Bitera intwaro / kwikingira no kwangirika. Biterwa no kumanura hasi, gutera imiti, cyangwa kwangiza.
Kugabanya: Hitamo abrasion / ruswa - amakoti yihanganira, guhambira neza, kugenzura neza.
Kunanirwa guhuza: Gutandukanya (pothead) kuri moteri / kashe biroroshye. Ikidodo cyangwa gusenyuka birasanzwe. ** Kugabanya: ** Gutondeka neza kuri buri nzira, koresha ibikoresho bihebuje, kwipimisha neza.
VI. Udushya & Ibizaza
Ikoranabuhanga riratera imbere kugira ngo rikemure ibibazo byiyongera:
Ibikoresho byo hejuru Ubushyuhe: Iterambere rya insulator zashyizwe kuri dogere 205 + (urugero, umusaraba wibitabo - uhuza polyolefine, elastomers yihariye).
Kongera imbaraga za H2S Kurwanya: Ibikoresho byateguwe hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyubuzima bwagutse muri ultra - ndende, ndende - amariba ya sulfuru.
Fibre - Optic Integrated Cables: Kwinjizamo Ikwirakwizwa ryubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza (DTS) cyangwa Ikwirakwizwa rya Acoustic Sensing (DAS) fibre nyayo - igihe cyo hasi yubushyuhe / kugenzura vibrasiya, guhitamo umusaruro no gusuzuma.
Umucyo woroheje & Miniaturisation: Kugabanya diameter nuburemere mugihe ukomeza gukora kumariba mato mato.
Gukoresha Digitalisation & Smart Monitoring: Gukoresha sensor hamwe nisesengura ryamakuru kugirango ubungabunge ubuzima bwa kabili.
Umwanzuro: Igitanda cyumusaruro utekanye kandi neza
ESP Submersible Pump Power Cable irenze kure insinga yoroshye. Nigitangaza cyubwubatsi cyagenewe gutsinda ibihe bikabije byisi. Imikorere yayo no kwizerwa bigira uburiri bwumusaruro mwiza, uhoraho, kandi utekanye neza. Gusobanukirwa byimazeyo ikoranabuhanga ryarwo, guhitamo siyanse bijyanye nuburyo bwiza, no kwita ku buryo burambuye muri buri ntambwe yo kwishyiriraho, gukora, no kubungabunga ni ngombwa mu gufungura agaciro kuzuye k '"umurongo w'ubuzima." Mu rwego rwo gushakisha umutekano w’ingufu, uyu mugozi uhuza ubuso n’ubujyakuzimu bw’isi ukomeza kuba ubutumwa - igice cyingenzi, kicecekesha imbaraga zituruka kumitungo yingenzi.