Mumuyoboro mugari wa sisitemu zigezweho,insinga z'amashanyarazi menshigukora nkibyingenzi "arteriire." Gushyingurwa mu nsi, kunyura mu nzuzi, no guhuza imijyi na sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi, byanduza amaraso yubuzima bwamashanyarazi atwara societe yacu gukora neza kandi byizewe. Mugihe imijyi yihuta, ingufu zisubirwamo zishyira hamwe murwego runini, hamwe na gride igenda ivugururwa ryubwenge, ibyifuzo bya tekiniki nakamaro kingenzi mumashanyarazi yumuriro mwinshi bikomeje kwiyongera. Iyi ngingo iracengera mu ikoranabuhanga ryibanze, uburyo bukoreshwa, ibipimo byo gutoranya, hamwe niterambere ryinganda ziyi miyoboro ikomeye ariko ituje.
I. Umuyoboro mwinshi w'amashanyarazi: Ibisobanuro & Agaciro
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi mwinshi (HV) mubisanzwe werekana insinga zoherejwe zapimwe kuri 35kV no hejuru. Ugereranije n'imirongo yo hejuru, ibyiza byabo ni:
Umwanya wo Kuringaniza Umwanya: Yashizwe munsi yubutaka, urekura umwanya wubuso bwagaciro, byiza kubisagara byuzuye imijyi, ahantu nyaburanga, hamwe nubutaka bugoye.
Umutekano & Kwizerwa: Kurwanya ikirere gikaze (tifuni, inkubi y'umuyaga), kugabanya ingaruka zangirika hanze, no gukomeza ingufu.
Kugabanya Ingaruka ku Bidukikije: Kugabanya imikoreshereze ya electromagnetic hamwe nuburanga bwiza.
Hejuru - Ihererekanyabubasha: Cyane cyane muri Voltage Yiyongereye (EHV) na Ultra High Voltage (UHV), ituma intera ndende -, ihererekanyabubasha ryinshi cyane kugirango habeho kohereza -.
II. Imiterere ya Anatomy: Kurinda Ibice, Igishushanyo mbonera
Umuyoboro muremure - imikorere ya HV ni igitangaza cyubwubatsi bwuzuye, mubisanzwe bigizwe:
1. Umuyobora: Hejuru - isukuye yometseho umuringa cyangwa aluminiyumu, akenshi ifite umusaraba munini - (igishushanyo mbonera gisanzwe gikoreshwa na voltage nyinshi), bigatuma igihombo gike hamwe nubushobozi buke - bwo gutwara.
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3. Ibyingenzi bikuru: Intego yikoranabuhanga! Ibikoresho byiganjemo:
Umusaraba - Uhuza Polyethylene (XLPE): Inzira nyamukuru. Tanga ibikoresho byiza byamashanyarazi (imbaraga za dielectric nyinshi, gutakaza dielectric nkeya), kurwanya ubushyuhe (dogere 90), imbaraga za mashini, no gutunganya bikuze.
Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPR / EPDM): ** Ihinduka ryiza cyane, ubushuhe hamwe n’imiti irwanya imiti, akenshi bikoreshwa mubikoresho bigendanwa, insinga zo mu mazi, hamwe n’ibidukikije bikaze.
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5. Mugaragaza Ibyuma: kaseti y'umuringa cyangwa umugozi. Itanga ikosa ryinzira igezweho, igabanya amashanyarazi (EMI), kandi igahindura voltage.
6. Urupapuro rwo hanze (Ikoti): Irinda ibyangiritse, kwangirika kwimiti, hamwe nibidukikije (UV, ubushuhe). Ibikoresho bisanzwe:
Polyethylene (PE): Ikirere cyiza, amazi, hamwe n’amashanyarazi.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): Kubuza umuriro mwiza, imbaraga za mashini, igiciro - cyiza.
Umwotsi muke Zero Halogen (LSZH) Polyolefin: Ibyingenzi ahantu h’umutekano muke (tunel, metero, hejuru - kuzamuka); itanga umwotsi muke, nta myuka yubumara / yangirika iyo yatwitse.
7. Ibiranga bidasanzwe (Nkuko bisabwa):
Intwaro: Icyuma cya kaseti / insinga (kurinda imbeba / kurinda igihe, kurwanya guhonyora), non - magnetiki idafite ibyuma / insinga (kugabanya igihombo cya eddy).
Guhagarika Amazi: Kubyimba kaseti / ubudodo, kaseti ya aluminium laminate, nibindi, kugirango wirinde kwinjira mumazi maremare (cyane cyane kubutaka bwamazi / insinga zo munsi).
III. Ikibazo Cyibanze cya Tekiniki & Ibisubizo
Igishushanyo cya HV nogukora bihura nimbogamizi zikomeye:
Igenzura ry'umuriro w'amashanyarazi: Gukwirakwiza umurima bigoye munsi ya voltage nyinshi.
Igisubizo: Gutezimbere neza kubyimbye, ultra - igice cyoroshye - ecran kugirango ikureho micro - inenge, isuku ikomeye yo gukora.
Gusohora igice (PD): Gusohora utuntu duto imbere cyangwa hejuru yizuba, impamvu nyamukuru yo gusaza (biganisha kubiti byamashanyarazi). ** Igisubizo: ** Ultra - ibikoresho bisukuye, gukuramo neza, 100% kumurongo / kwipimisha PD kumurongo.
Imicungire yubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe butakaza igihombo cyabayobora, gutakaza dielectric, gutakaza ibirwanisho (eddy current).
Igisubizo: Igishushanyo mbonera cya kiyobora (urugero, Milliken), ibikoresho bike - ibikoresho byigihombo, kubara neza ampacity ukurikije kwishyiriraho (kurwanya ubushyuhe bwubutaka, guhuza insinga).
Imashini yizewe: Imbaraga zikurura kwishyiriraho, igihe kirekire {{0} stress guhangayikishwa nigihe gikora, guhangayikishwa nibidukikije (nyamugigima, kugabanuka).
Igisubizo: Igishushanyo mbonera cyimiterere (urugero, kuryama), gukurura neza kugenzura impagarara, ibikoresho byangirika.
Birebire - Gusaza: Gutesha agaciro munsi yumuriro wamashanyarazi, ubushyuhe, ubukanishi, nibidukikije.
Igisubizo: Kwihutisha ibizamini byo gusaza kugirango usuzume ubuzima, anti - ibintu bishaje, kugenzura ubushyuhe bukabije mugihe cyo gukora.
IV. Ibyingenzi Porogaramu & Guhitamo Ibitekerezo
Umugozi wa HV ni ingenzi kuri:
Imiyoboro yo mumijyi: 110kV, 220kV umuyoboro wumugongo munsi yubutaka, gukemura ikibazo cya koridor, kongera ubwizerwe.
Amashanyarazi Yihuta: Guhuza ubushyuhe, hydro, nucleaire, imirima minini yumuyaga / izuba hamwe na gride hub.
Guhuza imiyoboro: insinga za EHV / HVDC (urugero, ubutaka bwa 500kV AC, sub 525kV DC yo mu mazi) ituma habaho guhana ingufu nyinshi hagati yakarere / ibihugu.
Ikwirakwizwa rya Submarine: Guhuza ibirwa, urubuga rwo hanze, kwambuka - imiyoboro yumupaka. Irasaba ubwubatsi budasanzwe (urugero, icyuma kiyobora cyangirika, intwaro zicyuma zimbaraga zingufu, fibre optique yo kugenzura).
Inganda zikomeye: Imbaraga zimbere yimbere kubihingwa binini, ibirombe, ibigo byamakuru, ibibuga byindege, ibyambu.
Kwishyira hamwe gushya: Imirongo ikusanya ibiti binini bya PV / imirima yumuyaga no guhuza insimburangingo.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byatoranijwe:
1. Igipimo cya voltage: Kugaragaza sisitemu ya nominal voltage (urugero, 110kV, 220kV) hamwe na voltage nini ikora.
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3. Ubwoko bw'ubwishingizi: XLPE ni amahitamo y'ibanze; EPR kubidukikije bidasanzwe (guhinduka cyane, imiti ikabije).
4. Sheath & Armours:
Gushyingura mu buryo butaziguye: Kurwanya - imbeba / anti - ibirwanisho by'igihe gito (kaseti y'icyuma / non {{2} wire insinga za rukuruzi), ikirere - cyatsi cyihanganira.
Submarine / Subaqueous: Ibice byinshi byintwaro zicyuma, icyuma cyayobora cyangwa inzitizi yamazi ihuriweho, ruswa - icyuma cyihanganira.
Umuyoboro / Mu nzu: Umwotsi muke Zero Halogen (LSZH) urumuri - icyuma gisubira inyuma.
5. Imikorere yumuriro: Nibyingenzi kumwanya rusange, inzira zo guhunga (urugero, metros) - itegeko rya Flame Retardant Icyiciro A, LSZH, uburozi buke.
6. Ibipimo & Icyemezo: Kubahiriza IEC, GB, IEEE, CIGRE. Gutunga Ubwoko bw'Ibizamini Raporo ziva mu nzego zemewe (urugero, KEMA, CPRI).
V. Kwishyiriraho, Gukoresha no Gucunga Ubuzima
Precise Installation: Strict control of pulling tension and sidewall pressure (using capstans, roller systems), adherence to minimum bending radius (typically >20x diameter ya kabili), gukumira ibyangiritse.
Kwizerana Kwizerwa & Kurangiza: Ingingo zintege nke. Ugomba kwicwa ninzobere mubidukikije bigenzurwa (gusukura, gutembagaza / gusudira, kongera kubaka insulasiyo, gushyira mu bikorwa imihangayiko, gushyirwaho ikimenyetso), hanyuma hagakurikiraho ibizamini bitangiza (X - ray, ultrasound).
Gukurikirana Imiterere:
Ikwirakwizwa ry'ubushyuhe (DTS): Ubushyuhe nyabwo - igihe cyerekana ubushyuhe burenze urugero / gutahura.
Gukurikirana Igice cyo Gusohora Kumurongo: Kumenya hakiri kare - inenge.
Igenzura rya Sheath Ibiriho: Isuzuma ubunyangamugayo bwa ecran ya ecran / shitingi.
Gusuzuma Ibihe: Kurwanya insulasiyo, DC / AC Kwihanganira (VLF / Resonant), kwipimisha PD kumurongo.
Imicungire yumutungo wubwenge: Gukoresha isesengura ryamakuru kugirango ubungabunge guhanura no gusuzuma ubuzima busigaye.
VI. Iterambere ryinganda & Ibizaza
Urwego rwo hejuru rwa voltage: Gukura no kohereza mugari insinga zubutaka 500kV + AC, ± 525kV / ± 800kV DC insinga zo mumazi.
Imiyoboro ya superconducting: Amazi ya azote akonje atuma igihombo cya - zeru, ultra - ihererekanyabubasha ryinshi, igenda yerekeza mu myigaragambyo mu migi yo mu mujyi / inzira ndende -.
Eco - Ibikoresho byinshuti: Iterambere ryibinyabuzima bigabanuka / hasi - ibyuka bya karuboni, ubundi buryo bwa gaze ya SF6 (kuri GIL).
Digitalisation & Intelligence: Kwishyira hamwe kwa sensor nyinshi (temp, strain, PD, ubushuhe), kurema impanga za digitale zo gucunga ubuzima buboneye.
Gukora udushya: Kunonosora neza mugukuramo HV (imirongo ya CCV), ubuziranenge bwisuku.
VII. Ibisubizo by'inganda: Imbaraga zituma ihererekanyabubasha ryizewe
Mu rwego rwa kabili ya HV, gufatanya nabatanga isoko bafite ubumenyi bwimbitse bwa tekiniki, ubushobozi bwuzuye bwo gukora, hamwe numuyoboro wa serivise wisi yose nibyingenzi. Kurugero, Shaanxi Jinshenghong Cable Company, nkumushinga uhuriweho ukubiyemo R&D, umusaruro, nogurisha insinga ninsinga, ukoresha urwego runini rwa - urwego runini rwumusaruro hamwe nuruhererekane rwuzuye rwinganda kugirango rutange ibisubizo bikomeye:
Ibicuruzwa byuzuye Portfolio: Isosiyete itanga serivise zigera kuri 30 zirimo 220kV no munsi yinsinga zamashanyarazi zikoreshwa mumashanyarazi, 35KV no munsi yinsinga zamashanyarazi, insinga zumuriro -, insinga zumuriro wa zeru halogen (LSZH), insinga zo kugenzura, insinga zo kugenzura, pre - insinga zashami, insinga zidafite insinga, insinga {ibyuma} ibirwanisho, hejuru - insinga zidashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe, insinga za Photovoltaque, insinga z'umuyaga, imodoka nshya yingufu zishyuza insinga, insinga nudukoko twangiza udukoko, ninsinga nibikoresho byamashanyarazi insinga & insinga. Ibi bikubiyemo moderi zirenga 4000 nibisobanuro 50.000, bitanga ** ibisubizo byuzuye ** uhereye kumurongo wa EHV wohereza kugeza kubishobora kuvugururwa hamwe nibisabwa byihariye.
Ikoranabuhanga & Ubwishingizi Bwiza: Bifite ibikoresho bigezweho kandi bigerageza ibizamini bikomeye, byubahiriza cyane amahame mpuzamahanga (IEC) hamwe n’igihugu (GB), byemeza ibicuruzwa byizewe, umutekano, kandi biramba.
Global Service Network: Yagize uruhare runini muri gahunda ya "Umukandara n'Umuhanda", iyi sosiyete yohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu n'uturere birenga 130 byo mu Burayi, Amerika y'Epfo, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, Afurika, Aziya, na Oseyaniya, bitanga inkunga ikomeye yo kubaka paradizo ebyiri - zizenguruka ku masoko yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga. Itsinda rifite uburambe bwo kugurisha ritanga inkunga ya OEM / ODM kandi ryuzuye - guhagarika ibisubizo.
Intsinzi isabwa neza: Ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa remezo byigihugu birimo amashanyarazi, imishinga ya gisirikare, ingufu, ingufu nshya (PV, ingufu z'umuyaga), kubungabunga amazi, kubaka ubwubatsi, sitasiyo ya 5G, gari ya moshi yihuta - gari ya moshi, ibibuga byindege, metero, n’imirenge ya gisivili. Gukorera ibigo birenga 100.000, isosiyete yizeye ikizere binyuze muri izina ryiza na serivisi yizewe.
Umwanzuro: Guha ingufu Ingufu Zigezweho
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi mwinshi niwo musingi wa sisitemu y'amashanyarazi igezweho, ikora neza, kandi ifite ubwenge. Ubuhanga bwabo buhanitse, ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge, hamwe nibisabwa byingenzi bisaba gusobanukirwa byimbitse amahame agenga igishushanyo mbonera, ibipimo ngenderwaho, ingamba zo guhitamo, hamwe nubuyobozi bwubuzima. Mugihe inzibacyuho yingufu zigenda zitera imbere nikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, insinga za H- zikora, zifite ubwenge, ndetse n’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije bizakomeza guha ingufu imikoranire y’ingufu ku isi, bikamurikira inzira iganisha ku majyambere arambye. Guhitamo umufatanyabikorwa nka ** Shaanxi Jinshenghong Cable Company **, hamwe nubuhanga bukomeye bwa R&D nubukorikori, uburambe bwumushinga, hamwe nubushobozi bwa serivisi ku isi, bitanga umusingi ukomeye kandi wizewe kumishinga minini y'ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi - kwemeza ko "imiyoboro y'ingufu" ikomeza gukomera.